Losartan Potassium Information

Losartan potassium

Generic name: Losartan potassium
Brand names: Cozaar

Why Losartan potassium is prescribed

Cozaar is used in the treatment of high blood pressure. It is effective when used alone or with other high blood pressure medications, such as diuretics that help the body get rid of water.

Cozaar is also used to slow the progress of kidney disease caused by type 2 diabetes (the type of diabetes that doesn't require insulin shots). It is the first of a new class of blood pressure medications called angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Cozaar works, in part, by preventing the hormone angiotensin II from constricting the blood vessels, which tends to raise blood pressure.

The most important facts about Losartan potassium

You must take Cozaar regularly for it to be effective. Since blood pressure declines gradually, it may be several weeks before you get the full benefit of Cozaar, and you must continue taking it even if you are feeling well. Cozaar does not cure high blood pressure; it merely keeps it under control.

How you should take Losartan potassium

Cozaar can be taken with or without food.

Take it at the same time each day. For example, if you take the medication every morning before or after breakfast, you will establish a regular routine and be less likely to forget your dose.

If you miss a dose

Take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular schedule.

Storage instructions

Store Losartan potassium at room temperature. Keep in a tightly closed container, away from light.

Side effects may be caused by Losartan potassium

A drug cannot anticipate producing side effects. If any develop or change in intensity, tell your doctor as soon as possible. Your doctor only can determine whether it is safe for you to continue taking Cozaar.

• More common possible effects include:
  Cough, dizziness, upper respiratory infection

Other side effects, such as weakness and chest pain, have been reported by people taking Cozaar for diabetic kidney disease. Severe allergic reactions, including swelling of the face and throat, are also a possibility.

When Losartan potassium should not be prescribed

Do not take Cozaar when you are pregnant. Avoid it if you have ever had an allergic reaction to it.

Special warnings about Losartan potassium

Cozaar can cause low blood pressure, especially if you are also taking a diuretic. You may feel light-headed or faint, especially during the first few days of therapy. If these symptoms occur, contact your doctor. Your dosage may need to be adjusted or discontinued. Be sure you know how you react to Cozaar before you drive or operate machinery.

Excessive sweating, dehydration, severe diarrhea, or vomiting could make you lose too much water, causing a severe drop in blood pressure. Call your doctor if you experience any of these symptoms.

Be sure to tell your doctor about any medical conditions you have, especially liver or kidney disease and congestive heart failure. In very rare cases, Cozaar has triggered fatal kidney problems in people with heart failure.

Cozaar tends to increase the level of potassium in the blood. Check with your doctor before taking potassium supplements or using a salt substitute.

Food and drugs that may interact with Losartan potassium

If you take Cozaar with certain other drugs, the effects of either could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to check with your doctor before taking Cozaar with the following:

Diuretics that leave potassium in the body, such as Aldactone, triamterene, and amiloride
Indomethacin (Indocin)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
Troleandomycin (Tao)

Special precautions if you are pregnant or breastfeeding

Drugs such as Cozaar can cause injury or even death to the unborn child when used in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. Stop taking Cozaar as soon as you know you are pregnant. If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant, tell your doctor before taking Cozaar. Cozaar may appear in breast milk and could affect the nursing infant. If Losartan potassium is essential to your health, your doctor may advise you to stop breastfeeding while you are taking Cozaar.

Recommended dosage of Losartan potassium

ADULTS

High blood pressure

The usual starting dose is 50 milligrams once daily. However, Cozaar can also be taken twice daily, with total daily doses ranging from 25 milligrams to 100 milligrams. If your blood pressure does not respond within 3 to 6 weeks, your doctor may increase your dose or add a low-dose diuretic to your regimen.

For people taking diuretics and people with liver problems, the usual starting dose is 25 milligrams daily. Your doctor may adjust your dosage according to your response.

Kidney disease caused by diabetes

The usual starting dose is 50 milligrams once daily. The doctor may increase the dose to 100 milligrams once a day if blood pressure remains too high.

CHILDREN

The safety and effectiveness of Cozaar in children have not been studied.

Overdosage

Any drug taken in excess can have serious consequences. If you suspect an overdose, seek medical attention urgently. Information concerning Cozaar overdosage is limited. However, hypotension (low blood pressure) and abnormally rapid or slow heartbeat may be signs of an overdose.